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HYDROGARBON ENGINE.

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HYDROOARBON BPIGINB. No. 532,219. Patented Jan. 8, 1895.

Nrrn STATES CAR-L SPIEL AND .ADOLF SPIEL, OF CANNSTADT, GERMANY, ASSIGNORS TO THE COMPANY DAIMLER MOTORENGESELLSCHAFT, OF SAME PLACE.

HYDRCCARBON-ENIGINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 532,219, dated January 8, 1895.

Application filed septemher 29, 1893- Serial No, 486,794. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that we, CARL SPIEL and ADOLF SPIEL, subjects of the King of Wiirtemberg, and residents of Oannstadt, in the Kingdom of Wiirtemberg, German Empire, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hydrocarbon-Engines, of which the follow ing is a specification.

Our invention relates to hydrocarbonen- 1o gines, in which a liquid hydrocarbon is used for the production of the explosive mixture, and in which the heat of the combustion-gases is employed for vaporizing the said liquid bydrocarbon and our improvements in such engines relate, first, to the arrangement of a vaporizer directly within the compression-chamber of the cylinder; second, to the configuration of said vaporizer, and, third, to an arrangement of two inlets, one of which communicates with the compression chamber and the other with the working-chamber of the piston, the whole for the purpose of effecting a perfect automatic working of the engine,

without requiring any auxiliary flame or other 2 5 source of heat for vaporizing the hydrocarbon and for exploding the mixture.

In order to make our invention more clear, we refer to the accompanying drawings, in which similar letters denote similar parts, and in which Figure 1 is a longitudinal section through the rear part of the cylinder of a hydrocarbon engine, provided with our improvements, the section being taken on line 5-6 of Fig. 2.

5 Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section through the first inlet-valve, the second inlet-valve and the outlet-valve, the sections of the latter two, being taken on the line 7'-8 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is an inner-view of the cover of the compression-chamber, with the vaporizer fixed thereto, and Fig. 4 is a modification of the vaporizer.

Before enteringinto the details of the construction of 7 our improved engine, and the 5 manner of working of the same, we wish to remark, that it has been tried long since to make a gas-motor, in which the heat of the products of combustion could be used for vaporizinga liquid hydrocarbon, as well as for igniting the explosive mixture formed thereafter. All trials, however, resulted, as far as knowntous,

in a complete failure, the latter beingdue, as we have found by very extensive experiments,

.to the arrangement of the vaporizer, as Well as to the configuration of the same, and, last not least, to the arrangement and manner of working of the hydrocarbon-valve and the airinlet.

The drawbacks experienced hitherto have been completely overcome by the improved engine shown in the drawings, in which a is the working-cylinder, to the rear of which is attached the removable co mpressionchamber 1) with the removable vaporizer c. The latter is made very large, so as to fillout nearly'the whole space of the compression chamber, and affords, further, a large area of surface, so that the vaporizer may rapidly take up, and accumulate, a great quantity of heat, and mayalso give it rapidly off, replac- 7o ing, however, in this latter case the lost surface-heat out of the inner heat stored.

The vaporizer as shown in Fig. 1 consists of a number of rods, fixed to the cover b of the compression-chamber, and arranged in a bundle, a space being left between every two of the rods, so that the intense heat of -the'explosive mixture may act of the whole surface of each rod. The same effect may-be had by the modification represented in Fig. 4, in which a double spiral c is employed; in fact every configuration of the vaporizer may be' used, provided the quantity of mass as well as its area of surface be as large as allowed by the size of the compression chamber. :5

The air necessary for diluting the hydrocarbon enters the cylinder through two separated valves; the main part flowing through valvefand channel g, the other part simultaneously through valve (1 and channel (2. 9o

The spindles d and f of these valves are arranged within the casings h and '6 respectively, the walls of which are provided with openings for the entrance of the air. The influx of the latter may be regulated'by the circular 9 5 slides in and Z respectively.

The liquid hydrocarbon coming from any suitable reservoir, flows through pipe m into a small chamber e' above the valve d, and is transported into channel'e either by the suckmg of the working-piston, or by a special feedpump (not shown in the drawings;) and the mixture of the air and the dispersed hydrocarbon is led against or into the vaporizer c or, in other words, on and among the rods or spirals forming the same.

The vaporizer, which, as previously men- I tioned, is arranged directly within the com pression-chamber b, is still very hot from the foregoing explosion, the combustion-gases of which have been driven out through the outlet-valve n and the channel 0. The strong mixture of the liquid hydrocarbon and air washing, on its way from channel e to cylinder a, the hot rods 0 or spirals c, is vaporized there completely, and the vapors, when having left the chamber 1), become mixed with and diluted by the air flowing into the cylinder through valve f.

We wish to call special attention to the contents of the foregoing paragraph, as', first, the division of the air in two separated streams; second, the mixing of the liquid hydrocarbon with only one of said streams, and, third, the passing of but this mixture into and through a vaporizer arranged directly within the compression-chamber form points of highest importance, and, in fact, form those points, by the simultaneous employment of which the continually exact working of our motor is effected.

If the liquid hydrocarbon would be squirted onto the hot vaporizer in an undiluted state, it would simply be burned there, and no combustible or explosible mixture could be formed. If, on the other hand, the liquid bydrocarbon would be mixed at once with the whole of the air, 2'. e., if all the air necessary for the production of the explosible mixture would enter through channel e, this mixture would then beignited by far too early. The drawbacks resulting therefrom are clear witl1- out further explanation. Now the strong mixture entering the chamber bthrough channel e is vaporized, and the heat given off by the vaporizer is continually replaced by its internal heat stored. It, then, the working-cylinder is filled with the mixture of the vaporized diluted hydrocarbon with the air flowing in through valve f, the piston is moved back by the force of the fly-wheel, and the mixture is compressed, until, at the end of the stroke, the whole contents of the cylinder is contained within the compression-chamber b, and every part of the vaporizer is surrounded by the mixture, the latter having been heated not only by the vaporizer, but by the act of compression, too. At this moment of highest compression and greatest heat,the mixture becomes ignited by the hot rods 0 or spiral c, and the piston is driven forward in known manner, while the intense heat of the explosion is again accumulated by the rods, spirals or other equivalent parts of the combined vaporizing-and igniting-body. A part of this heat is also taken up by the walls of the compressionchamber, the latter not being cooled, while the walls of the working-cylinder are cooled in known manner.

In order to start the engine, it becomes necessary, as a matter of course, to use an artivaporizing the hydrocarbon, and igniting the explosive mixture.

We wish it to be understood, finally, that we do not confine ourselves to the employment of our new arrangement in oil-motors with a single working-piston only, but that we may use the same also in engines with a double or difierential-piston, or with two pistons, as all these kinds of motors may be worked according to our invention.

Having now described the nature of our invention, what we desire to secure by Letters Patent is- 1. In a hydrocarbon engine, the combination with the vaporizer arranged within the explosion chamber b, and consisting of thin rods 0 held by the rear cover I) of said chamber, of two air inlet-channels c and g, channel 6 being connected with the inlet m for the hydrocarbon, and terminating into the explosion-chamber, channel 9 terminating into the working cylinder, for the purpose as described.

2. In a hydrocarbon-engine, the combination with the vaporizer arranged within the explosion chamber 19, and consisting of thin spirally bent rods 0' held by the rear cover I) of said chamber, of two air inlet channels 6 and g, channel 6 being connected with the inlet m for the hydrocarbon, and terminating into the explosion-chamber, channel 9 terminating into the working cylinder, for the purpose as described.

In testimony whereof we have signed this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

CARL SPIEL. AD OLF SPIEL. 

